Fire and rehire: Guide for employers
What this practice is, why you should avoid it, and how to approach it if no other options are available
What this practice is, why you should avoid it, and how to approach it if no other options are available
Where an employer needs to make contractual changes to an employee’s terms and conditions this should always be approached through consultation and agreement with the employee, or employees, involved.
In exceptional circumstances, where there are genuine and pressing business needs and agreement cannot be reached, employers can sometimes be justified in unilaterally changing workers’ terms and conditions by terminating their contracts and re-hiring them on new terms and conditions.
The CIPD’s view is that 'fire and rehire' practices should only ever be considered as an absolute last resort; if changes to employment contracts are critical and voluntary agreement is not possible.
From July 2024, for England, Wales and Scotland, the UK's first Statutory Code of Practice on ‘Dismissal and Re-engagement' will come into effect. The Code imposes expected procedures on employers wishing to use 'fire and rehire'. The Code demonstrates that 'fire and rehire' should be a last resort following meaningful consultation with employees or their representatives.
Although there is, as yet, no ban on the practice of 'fire and rehire', the statutory Code, prepared by the previous government, carries serious risk of costly claims and wider commercial repercussions.
The new Labour Government has indicated that it intends to replace the statutory code with a strengthened code of practice. Labour's plan acknowledges that businesses may need to restructure where there is no alternative, but that there must be a proper process based on open dialogue between employers and workers. Labour's plans propose restricting fire and rehire to very limited circumstances if the alternative is bankruptcy and mass redundancy and improving remedies against abuse.
Employers must recognise that 'fire and rehire' creates a high risk of reputational damage and an adverse effect on employee relations. It should only be undertaken after extensive consultation and consideration of all other alternatives.
In this guide, we examine the practice of ‘firing and rehiring’ and, more importantly, ways to find a different solution.
There are various further legal factors an employer must consider before contemplating or entering into a 'fire and rehire' process:
Please note: While every care has been taken in compiling this content, CIPD cannot be held responsible for any errors or omissions. These notes are not intended to be a substitute for specific legal advice.
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